Dryden's Essay on Dramatic Poesy

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Dryden’s An Essay of Dramatic Poesy

1. Differences Between Aristotle’s and Dryden’s Definitions   

  • Aristotle’s Tragedy: In Poetics, Aristotle defines tragedy as the imitation of a serious, complete action aimed at evoking pity and fear, leading to an emotional cleansing (catharsis). He insists on a clear structure and unity of action (one main plot), avoiding unnecessary subplots.

  • Dryden’s Play: Dryden sees plays as a reflection of human nature, blending serious and comic elements to entertain and instruct. He values flexibility, allowing multiple plots and mixing tones to keep the audience engaged, adapting drama to suit contemporary tastes.

2. Preference: Ancients or Moderns?

I would side with the Ancients, who value structure and a clear theme, which makes the play’s message strong and impactful. Aristotle’s focus on catharsis provides a deep emotional experience. The Moderns offer creativity by mixing genres, but I find the Ancients’ clarity and focus more compelling.

3. French vs. English Plays

  • French Plays: French plays keep death offstage, avoid graphic scenes, and use blunted swords in duels to maintain decorum, following a single plot and limited time. While refined, this can sometimes reduce dramatic tension.

  • English Plays: English plays mix comedy and tragedy and often have multiple plots, making the experience more dynamic but occasionally scattered. Few actors may represent large armies, which is creative but might break believability.

4. Poetic vs. Prosaic Dialogue

I prefer poetic dialogue because it adds beauty and emotional depth. Poetic lines use rhythm and imagery, making characters’ experiences feel more profound, as seen in Shakespeare’s works. While prosaic dialogue is realistic, poetry in dialogue makes key moments feel extraordinary.

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